Chemistry - Science topic

How do the annealing temperature and time affect the activity of the compound?

In synthetic organic chemistry, DMF is a powerful solvent and ideal for nucleophilic substitution reactions. However, because of its high boiling point and strong polarity, it becomes very difficult to remove from reaction mixtures.

What practical and effective methods do researchers use to remove DMF more easily during purification?

As news of this year's Nobel Prizes come out, I am left wondering what practical benefit some of these discoveries have outside understanding basic principles in the universe and chemical reactions, etc.

People in their busy and sometimes financially-stressed lives may see pots of money and honors being bestowed for innovative ideas, fabricated inventions, or other things the layperson really cannot grasp without some help. The public may continue to see science as frozen above their lives in an ivory tower if they do not have a place to visit, some web page, where the practical future value of a discovery, may be unpacked for them.

Or is there a role for the humanities in making a bridge between science and the public? Just a thought.

Any comments? Your input is always most welcome.

It is interesting to know the opinions of researchers from the diverse background that in their field what they think is the most significant contribution in the last ten years.

Please mention him if discoverer is on RG.

Hi,

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Dear all,

I have discovered some egregious errors in the current version of the Web of Science.

According to his profile, the late world-renowned political scientist Ronald F. Inglehart is listed there with 136 documents, but this profile is completely incorrect, as it contains 16% erroneously listef items (eight articles in the field of oncology by a distant namesake, as well as four articles in dentistry, two in biochemistry, two in cell biology, one in chemistry, one in clinical neuroscience, one in immunology, one in general medicine, one in experimental medicine, and one in pathology).

If all this is to be the basis for university rankings, good night!

Scientists at Chalmer University determine that Saturn's moon Titan breaks one of chemistry's oldest rules: like dissolve likes and unlikes are insoluble. { https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/10/251016223031.htm#google_vignette } These scientists led by Prof Martin Rahm measured that under the very low temperatures on Titan hydrogen cyanide (H-CN) dissolves and forms crystals with methane (CH4) and ethane (H3C-CH3). Such observation creates a problem because H-CN is linear with large molecular dipole, but CH4 and H3C-CH3 are tetrahedral with very tiny poles for molecular nonpolarities. But, I Reginald B. Little ( RBL) take huge interest and delight in this discovery of H-CN, CH4 and H3C-CH3 ice on Titan as my original new isotope theory by nonzero and counter nuclear magnetic moments of tge two isotopes of nitrogen (14N and 15N) gives beautiful explanation to this break of the old rule of chemistry! By this isotope theory of RBL, The H-CN in H-CN, CH4 and H3C-CH3 ice is highly enriched in 15N and H-13C15N has much smaller molecular dipole than H-12C14N for causing the H-13C15N by the Little Effect to be more nonpolar like CH4 and H3C-CH3 of molecular nonpolarities to save the old chemistry rule of likes dissolve likes and unlikes are insoluble. Beautiful. Or may I say I break the old chemistry rule by not applying my theory. I prefer to think I save this old chemistry by applying my rule as prior scientists did not discern the Little Effect! You may say and wonder how the H-CN becomes enriched in 15N relative to the N2 upper atmospheres of Titan? The enrichment is due to isotope effect of photochmical cleavage by ultraviolet solar radiation of 14N-14N verses 14N-15N for favoring 14N-14N cleavage in Titan's upper atmospheres thereby allowing deeper penetration of ultra violet solar rays to lower atmosphere of Titan for greater cleaving 15N-14N for release of more 15N in Titan's lower atmosphere for greater formation of H-C15N; the H-C14N thereby forms less in lower atmosphere of Titan and more exposure of H-C15N to CH4 and H3C-CH3 for icing to H-CN, CH4 and H3C-CH3 ice on Titan's surface. This is a beautiful manifestation of the Little Effect! - Prof Dr. Reginald B. Little

https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/10/251016223031.htm . Scientists at Chalmer University determine that Saturn's moon Titan breaks one of chemistry's oldest rules: like dissolve likes and unlikes are insoluble. These scientists led by __ measured that under the very low temperatures on Titan hydrogen cyanide (H-CN) dissolves and forms crystals with methane (CH4) and ethane (H3C-CH3). Such observation creates a problem because H-CN is linear with large molecular dipole, but CH4 and H3C-CH3 are tetrahedral with very tiny poles for molecular nonpolarities. But, I Reginald B. Little ( RBL) take huge interest and delight in this discovery of H-CN, CH4 and H3C-CH3 ice on Titan as my original new isotope theory by nonzero and counter nuclear magnetic moments of tge two isotopes of nitrogen (14N and 15N) gives beautiful explanation to this break of the old rule of chemistry! By this isotope theory of RBL, The H-CN in H-CN, CH4 and H3C-CH3 ice is highly enriched in 15N and H-13C15N has much smaller molecular dipole than H-12C14N for causing the H-13C15N by the Little Effect to be more nonpolar like CH4 and H3C-CH3 of molecular nonpolarities to save the old chemistry rule of likes dissolve likes and unlikes are insoluble. Beautiful. Or may I say I break the old chemistry rule by not applying my theory. I prefer to think I save this old chemistry by applying my rule as prior scientists did not discern the Little Effect! You may say and wonder how the H-CN becomes enriched in 15N relative to the N2 upper atmospheres of Titan? The enrichment is due to isotope effect of photochmical cleavage by ultraviolet solar radiation of 14N-14N verses 15N-15N for favoring 15N-15N cleavage for greater formation of H-C15N than H-C14N in lower atmosphere of Titan and more exposure of H-C15N to CH4 and H3C-CH3 for icing to H-CN, CH4 and H3C-CH3 ice on Titan's surface. This is a beautiful manifestation of the Little Effect! - Prof Dr. Reginald B. Little

Dear Professors, Doctors, and Authors,

We hope this message finds you well. We are delighted to invite you to contribute a chapter to our upcoming Elsevier edited book titled:“ Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents: From Fundamentals to Environmental, Food, and Pharmaceutical Applications ”

📷 Editors: Prof. Pallavi Jain, Dr. Sapna Raghav, Dr. Vishwajit Chavda, Prof. Indra Bahadur, Prof. Prashant Singh

This book provides a comprehensive overview of the chemistry, properties, and design of NADES. It explores their sustainable applications across environmental remediation, food processing, and pharmaceutical formulation, highlighting their potential as green alternatives to conventional solvents.

📷 Interested in contributing? Please fill out the registration form using the link below and submit your abstract via the link below before November 15, 2025.

📷 Registration Link: https://forms.gle/QQ24XyZBtG96wTYN7

📷 We would be honoured to include your expertise and scholarly work in this important endeavour. Please find below the proposed Table of Contents for your consideration:

📷 Proposed Book Chapters:

1. Introduction, principles, and design of NADES

2. Physicochemical characterization of NADES: techniques and insights

3. Toxicity, environmental impact, and natural occurrence of NADES

4. NADES vs ionic liquid

5. Biobased NADES as a versatile solvent

6. Amino acid-based NADES

7. NADES as green extraction media: principles and innovations

8. Catalysis and reaction media in NADES: green chemistry perspectives

Section II – Environmental Applications

9. Application of NADES in organic pollutant removal

10. Application of NADES in heavy metal removal

11. Application of NADES in oil and gas recovery and gas capture application

Section III – Food Applications

12. Application of NADES in food bio-inspired antifreezing

13. Application of NADES in extraction of seaweed phenolics

14. NADES in food industry: from extraction to preservation

15. NADES in agriculture: toward eco-friendly farming practices

Section IV – Pharmaceutical Applications

16. Application of NADES as green solvent for pharmaceutical applications

17. Application of NADES in drug delivery system

18. Application of NADES in biotechnology

Section V – Extraction and Pharmaceutical Applications

19. Application of NADES in HPLC separation

20. Application of NADES as extraction media

21. Application of NADES in liquid phase microextraction

22. Applications of NADES in essential oil and aromatic compound extraction

23. Application of NADES in extraction of bioactive compounds from agro-

wastes

24. Application of NADES in extraction of bioactive compounds from medicinal plants

Section VI – Integration and Future Directions

25. NADES and the circular economy: industrial and sustainability

perspectives

26. Application of NADES in energy and resource recovery

27. Emerging trends and future directions in NADES research

28. Recent patents on NADES

📷 We truly value your contribution to this impactful project and warmly welcome your participation. Feel free to share this invitation with colleagues working in relevant areas.

📷 Published by Elsevier, a globally renowned academic publisher 📷 DOI and indexing (Scopus) for every chapter (ensuring citation & discoverability) 📷 Enhance your academic profile with a peer-reviewed publication 📷 No publication charges (No APCs) 📷 Collaborate with international researchers in the field of Chemistry.  📷 Contribute to an impactful, forward-looking topic in sustainability 📷

📷 If you have any questions or require further information, please don’t hesitate to contact us. We’re happy to help! 📷

All queries should be sent to:

drvishwajitchavda@gmail.com ; dr.pallavijainchem@gmail.com ; drsapnaraghav13@gmail.com ; psingh@arsd.du.ac.in

(Editors-NADES Book, Elsevier)

Attachment: (Flayer)

Dear Professors, Doctors, and Authors,

We hope this message finds you well.

We are delighted to invite you to contribute a chapter to our upcoming CRC Press Taylor & Francis edited book titled: “Deep Eutectic Solvents: Emerging Roles of Deep Eutectic Systems”

📷 Editors: Dr. Pallavi Jain, Dr. Sapna Raghav, and Dr. Vishwajit Chavda

This book aims to spotlight the latest advancements and multidisciplinary applications of Deep Eutectic Solvents (DESs) as sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives across various scientific and technological domains.

📷 We would be honored to include your expertise and scholarly work in this important endeavor. Please find below the proposed Table of Contents for your consideration:

📷 Proposed Table of Contents:

📷 Interested in contributing? Please fill out the registration form and submit your abstract by October 31, 2025, using the link below:

📷 Registration Link:

📷 We truly value your contribution to this impactful project and warmly welcome your participation. Feel free to share this invitation with colleagues working in relevant areas.

📷 Why Contribute?

📷 Published by CRC Press – a globally renowned academic publisher 📷 DOI for each chapter. 📷 Enhance your academic profile with a peer-reviewed publication 📷 No publication charges 📷 Collaborate with international researchers in the field of green chemistry 📷 Contribute to an impactful, forward-looking topic in sustainability 📷

📷 If you have any questions or require further information, please don’t hesitate to contact us. We’re happy to help! 📷

Warm regards, Dr. Pallavi Jain Dr. Sapna Raghav Dr. Vishwajit Chavda (Editors)

Hello, I would like to ask about the exact chemical structure of pheophorbide a after saponification process of chlorophyll using KOH. Will the resulting structure carry one or two K⁺ ions? I ask because I have found two different versions of the pheophorbide a structure in the literature: one where C13¹ has a keto group (C=O) and another where it is represented as a hydroxyl group (–C–OH). In the first case, only the carboxyl group at C17 would be deprotonated and bind K⁺, while in the second case it seems possible for both the carboxyl and the enol/hydroxyl at C13¹ to be deprotonated, resulting in two K⁺ ions attached to the molecule. Which representation is considered correct after saponification with KOH?

Thank you in advance.

Dear fellow Libyan researchers,

I am excited to share the first version of the Libyan Natural Products Database (LibNPDB), a project dedicated to creating a comprehensive, open-access resource for our country's rich biodiversity. You can access the live website here:

www.libnpdb.ly

Our goal is to build a powerful tool for researchers in chemistry, pharmacology, biology, and related fields. To do this, we need your valuable feedback and insights. We invite you to explore the database and let us know your thoughts. What features do you find useful? What ideas and functions could we add to make it an even better resource for your work? For more background on the project's vision and strategic foundation, you can read our proposal article here:

Coming Soon: Feature Update! We are already working on the second stage of this project, which will include a dedicated Libyan Plants Database. This new dataset will be fully integrated and connected with the existing natural products data, creating a more powerful and interconnected research tool. Please share your suggestions, critiques, and ideas in the comments below. Your collaboration is crucial to making this national project a success.

Thank you for your support!

I need adverts on book chapter contributions in any chemistry options.

Can complex molecules (e.g., PAHs or prebiotic compounds) survive in the winds around black holes?

Did primordial black holes seed the early universe with light elements (H, He), altering cosmochemical evolution?

Iam Dr M HARIKRISHNA doing research in organic chemistry, I need help for docking studies?

I took chemistry in 1978 and now as an adjunct professor the explanation of let us say two quantum states is the observer causes a collapse of the wave function. For a chemist to think when i take a TLC the reaction's wavefunction collapse to a product is too much. Let us say a color change and a reaction that works has a magenta milky precipitate. I set up an walk in and then I observe the reaction and the wavefunction collapses! Or a fly observes it ! Again, the Schoedinger equation does not define a collapse of wavefunction or what an 'observer' is -human or fly. So, chemists can monitor a progress of a reaction so Mutiple observations 'collapses the system in part. Schoedinger's cat half dead or half alive which originally to show the absurdity of some quantum interpretations.

So this explanation common in General Chemistry is not given anymore but just a discussion of probability and orbitals.

For the synthetic chemist-we choose not to think of this or multiverses but mist chemists think quantum is nuts and just an explanation of something that's a simplification of something that is more nuts and bolts. Any chemist out there willing to admit quantum chemistry works but is off

My name is Mohamed, I love chemistry, and I will love more to see it done by bots.

I have already built 8 AI agents in the domain of organic chemistry, I can send the videos and the results gladely.

I will have all the honor in the world if you accept to supervise me in my PhD subject: Automating Multi-Step Organic synthesis using Machine Learning and Robotic Systems.

I have a hunger to do research and learn new things, if you give me the chance, I will do miracles.

Best regards.

Marcus theory is important method to study electron transfer reactions. There is an important equation for calculation of reorganization of solvation ( ). However, when I refer to references, I didn't find what's the unit of parameters in this equation shown in the figure. For example, Δe is number of electron (count of 1, 2, 3,..., no unit) or is charge of electron (coulomb, C)? The r, a1, a2 is Å or others? The λ is eV or others?

I read the solubility of CaCl2 is about 75% but when I prepared 2M solution it contains some suspended particles and is not clear. It seems it is not that much soluble. What is the problem you think?

Specifically in the organic chemistry field.

Any where any languaje, I want to colaborate with investigations, I like to be part of your lab. I figurate that i haven`t a lab afiliation, so if you want to do me a litle space I could help with your investigation. I really like to work in Hospital investigations or Universities..

How?, Looking for information or data in webs, data bases or mailing people.

I work as a Investigators helper in an excellent lab here in argentine, but because of time and thinks I can`t do any more. But I can help with webs tasks. So If you need some thing with could help just tell. Take care, good day!

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I have 42 years i end my technical studies in 2003, and work in a few laboratories but for eschisofrenia can work all day is tough, bad concentration, bad sleep, But i take my medications and feel fine, Now I need 70 dlrs per month at less to end my university studies and can't find job, please if you or your lab want to help me, give me a message!

English B1m live in buenos aires Argentina, I want to know another country

#Amsterdam #France #Spain

HI Team,

We are doing Chemi Luminance trial for southern blot, this trial actual replacing the p32. In Chemi trial we are using 1M of maleic acid as part the protocol and my question are did maleic acid have properties to absorb the radiation? because our Chemi waste bottle tip of the mouth giving radiation signal. Iam unsure about this maleic acid. and iam definitely sure there is no p32 contamination. Please I need some clarification to help me out.

As the title says.

For example, resins that selectively adsorb/bind terephthalic acid (dicarboxylic acid) when being added to a mixture of benzoic acid (monocarboxylic acid) and terephthalic acid.

Define Stoichiometry

Elaborate the use of stoichiometry

I am actively seeking a PhD position in Chemistry at a renowned university in the United State, German or United Kingdom.

Why student find organic chemistry hard?

Explain the reason students have hard time in comprehending the course?

¿Qué autores o publicaciones tienen artículos relacionados con este tema?

Some of my papers were related to this term (water self-purification) and I want to better understand how this term is perceived and interpreted by colleagues.

Ostroumov S. A. On some issues of maintaining water quality and self-purification.- Water Resources, 2005. Volume 32, Number 3, p. 305-313. http://www.scribd.com/doc/57511892/0305 [Generalizations presented in this paper represent, in systematized form, the basic elements of the qualitative theory of water self-purification in freshwater and marine ecosystems. Recommendations are given for maintaining water quality and sustainable development of water resources. New experimental data were obtained]

Ostroumov S.A., Water Quality and Conditioning in Natural Ecosystems: Biomachinery Theory of Self-Purification of Water. - Russian Journal of General Chemistry, 2017, Vol. 87, No. 13, pp. 3199–3204. ISSN 1070-3632, https://www.researchgate.net/publication/323122008;

Hi, I am collecting RP-HPLC data using Shimadzu Labsolutions Version 5.71 SP1.

Every time I do the postrun PDA analysis, I have to manually remove unwanted peaks, e g. below retention time=4.5 min, etc. Basically, I am only interested in 3 peaks, at time=4.5, 6.5 and 11min. Besides, I need to copy the peak table one by one to my excel file for data processing and then graph plotting. It seems that I can only export each LCD data file into ASCII format one by one.

1) Is there anyway I can remove the unwanted all at once for all, say, 40 LCD data files, instead of editing it one by one in the software?

2) Is there any way to bulk export my data? The main purpose is just to ease data processing and cleaning, if it would.

3) Is there anyway to bulk export all forty chromatograms at once?

Thanks

I am trying to conjugate an antibody, but I want to know what the molecular structure of antibody is to see where the free thiols are and where lysine residues are for my reaction.

Also, on the same note if I want to do thiol-maleimide reaction, and I reduce the antibody to expose more thiol groups, what prevents the antibody from falling apart as the disulfide bridges are broken? I want to attach a drug to antibody without comprosing the antibody and without affecting the binding site.

Is there a powerful AI tool that can help us connect information from peer-reviewed and published papers with a scientific question and guide/ direct us to try some methodologies/ reactions to solve a problem, or is it still a dream? Suggestions?

To my mind, V.I. Vernadsky was one of the fathers of the science of geochemistry and the father of biogeochemistry. He modernized conceptualization of the biosphere. His works and ideas were ahead of his time and to a degree, are ahead of our time. I think his works are helpful in our effort toward the goals of sustainability. I will be glad to hear any comment from you, dear colleagues.

Some of my publications related to issues of the biosphere, biogeochemisty and issues covered in scientific legacy of Vernadsky are presented as bibliography in this publication:

Ostroumov S.A. The study of the biosphere and chemical-biotic interactions. Moscow, MAKS Press, 2016. (Series: Ecological Studies, Hazards, Solutions. Issue 21). ISBN 978-5-317-05302-4; https://www.researchgate.net/publication/389720754 ; https://www.academia.edu/44365963/

Some of my related papers:

Additions to Some Concepts Presented in V.I. Vernadsky’s Works on the Biosphere. Russian Journal of General Chemistry (ISSN: 1070-3632), v.89, p.2858-2859. S.A.Ostroumov. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/339329976

New Aspects of the Role of Organisms and Detritus in the Detoxification System of the Biosphere; https://www.researchgate.net/publication/322861119 ; Russian Journal of General Chemistry, Ostroumov S.A.

--

I want help for this equation if any one expert with chemistry can help me and write for me the mechanism of reaction using reductive amination and how it goes for final product,I will be grateful for that

Should Matric results show separate Physics and Chemistry marks instead of 'Physical Sciences'?

I am doing a mechanochemical synthesis and trying to find the induction time of the reaction. Thus, I take samples every 30 seconds and inject each sample into the HPLC to detect the time required for the product to form. I see the baseline of HPLC is just mostly noise for all the samples that have been reacted for 2 mins. But at 2.5 min, I start to see a very small rise in the retention time that corresponds to the compound. The height of the peak is then further increased as the reaction time increases.

The problem is, that this peak (reaction proceeded for 2.5 min) at 6.25 min is noticeable but very, very small. The baseline noise fluctuates at an amplitude of 0.075 mAu while the peak height is merely 0.1 mAu (measured from the supposed baseline to the tip of the peak). I have been using this method to do quantitative analysis of the product and it is 100% sure that it is the compound, but not some ghost peak, injection peak or random noise. So, can I say it takes about 2.5 minutes for the product to form? Is the peak too small to be counted as a "real" peak? I don't think the traditional LOD works here because I am not trying to quantify it but only to do qualitative analysis.

To determine the induction time, the product concentration would be very very low and the peak would thus be very small as well and outside the calibration curve. But is there a standard such as "if the product concentration reaches 1 mg/ml? 1 ug/ml? 1 ng/ml? the product starts to form" or "if the peak reaches 1 mAu? 2 mAu? then the product starts to form at this X number of time approximately?"

Note 1: I know that people use time-resolved PXRD to determine the change in crystal structure, but wouldn't that also depend on the "concentration of change in crystal structure"? If the concentration is too low, you won't be able to see on the PXRD diagram. Also, HPLC is the only method to analyse this sample. PXRD, GC-MS and NMR can not do it.

Note 2: The compound only absorbs UV strongly at 195 nm. An increase beyond 205 nm would essentially have no peak.

Note 3: The HPLC method is a 100% aqueous salt solution with an ion-pairing reagent on a polar C18 column

Note 4: In the picture, the peak is very small and the baseline noise is huge it is because I zoomed in a lot to see it and it is only the start of product formation. After 30 mins of reaction time, the product peak height reaches 50 mAu and you won't see a noisy baseline anymore.

Numerical studies on fluid flow using nanoparticles like Al₂O₃, TiO₂, and MoS₂ have been carried out in several academic publications. Still, the value of electrical conductivity used in these studies differ greatly. While some research consider these nanoparticles to be conductive and cause numerical modeling to be inconsistent, others perceive them as insulators. Correct simulations depend on a consistent supply of experimental or theoretical data on the electrical conductivity of these nanoparticles as a function of temperature. Could someone recommend books or research papers with thorough conductivity values for various nanoparticles?

I'm trying to explain organic molecule's adsorption onto activated carbon based on chemical parameters, and I found a good correlation between the adsorption amount and topological polar surface area (TPSA).

However, this parameter is used only to explain pharmaceutical absorption and not for different groups of organic molecules. Instead, electron density has been studied as a very important element in adsorption phenomena.

Can these two parameters be correlative? Does it make sense to consider adsorption and some pesticides TPSA, for example?

Any help would be significant to me.

Thanks.

Hello,

About 2 weeks ago, I loaded a paper with a citation, yesterday i should get another citation, unfortunately research gate did not add them on my account? I am very sad.

Thank you

Dr. Yusuf Yildiz

Professor in Chemistry

Suppose you began your career in organic chemistry (MSc and PhD) but later specialized in analytical chemistry (Dr. Sci.) and conducted research in this field for over 15 years. How would you identify yourself?

1. As an organic chemist

2. As an analytical chemist

Reply by (1) or (2).

2025 7th International Conference on Biotechnology and Biomedicine (ICBB 2025) will be held in Guangzhou, China from March 7 to 9, 2025.

The topics of interest for submission include, but are not limited to:

1. Medical imaging technology and its application:

Magnetic resonance imaging

X-ray, CT, PET and SPECT

Ultrasonic imaging

......

2. Biomedical signal processing and medical information:

Biomedical signal processing

Medical big data and machine learning

AI and biomedical signal processing

ECG, PCG, EEG, EMG, blood pressure, pulse, respiratory and sleep signals

......

3. Biomechanics and Biomechanical Engineering:

Artificial organ

Biomechanics of organs

Biomechanics & Cell and Molecular Modeling

Cell and tissue mechanics

......

4. Bioinformatics, computational biology and molecular biology:

Structure, function and sequence analysis of DNA and RNA

Gene regulation, expression, identification and network

Protein structure, function and sequence analysis

Cytobiology

......

5. Chemistry, pharmacology and toxicology:

Pharmaceutical chemistry

Pharmaceutical analysis and drug control

Pharmaceutical processing

Pharmacology

......

6. Other topics:

Biomedical materials

Bionic engineering

Bionanotechnology

Bioelectronics, biophotonics

......

Both Abstract and Full Paper are welcomed. All accepted full papers will be published by BIO Web of Conferences (ISSN: 2117-4458) and will be submitted to Scopus for indexing.

Full Paper Submission Date: January 31, 2025

Registration Deadline: February 24, 2025

Final Paper Submission Date: February 24, 2025

Conference Dates: March 7-9, 2025

Please send the full paper(word+pdf) to Submission System:

Hello all dear

I need a help

Thanks in advance

I did a dpph method and make a variety of concentration (400, 200, 100, 50, 25 ppm). I have done it by making 1000 ppm first and diluted them, I already did this 4 times but the results are always same. is there something wrong with my way in diluting the sample? or is there something wrong with my sample?

Give all summary about the chemistry of the isoniazid.

For the sake of recycling electrolyte of a polymer Li-ion battery, the salts like LiPF6 will be recycled with CO2 supercritical extraction method.

But how can we preserve the volatile organic solvent carbonates to be used again, as these solvents start evaporating as soon as a cell is opened?

Hi, I'm Almajeanu Delia from Craiova, Romania, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Biologically Active Compounds, please can someone help me with a PPT or information about Multiple Myeloma?

To all the great Chemistry minds, try to answer the question asked and try have a look at the following link:

I'm looking for postdoc position

Just need to know if yes which company

Looking for motivated Chemistry students (Net/Gate) qualified for working with our translational team at IIT BHU. Please apply if you are interested. The candidate will work to develop immunoprotective small molecules, develop 3D printable biomaterials and various aspects of medical implants.

Apply here: https://pgadmission.iitbhu.ac.in/

Our laboratory link:

Hi,

I have a leach solution with Li present as LiOH. I did lime water leaching of material but also leached impurities such as Zn, Cr and Al with it. The pH of the solution is around 11. Now I want to remove the impurities and the literature suggests using ion exchange resins to remove them. The ion exchange resins would require pH adjustment to around 6-7 which might also alter the chemistry of dissolved LiOH, and I do not want that. So how should I proceed? Is there any other way I should explore to remove those impurities?

While working on my laterite samples, I came across a problem. Following the digestion protocols we made the volume with approx. 100 times dilution and started the ICP-MS measurements. The concentrations went down after measurement of 2-3 samples. The reason was a clogged pore. Citing the presence of trace and REEs in very low concentrations we can't go for further dilution so is there any way to remove Fe from the matrix without disturbing other elements?

I need to find a proper method to prepare sample solution by digestion for Pt-Pd-Rh elements from spent automotive catalysts. Any suggestion except application of microwave-assisted digestion would help me.

I have read many journals about the bioremediation of mercury using bacteria. All of them have used mercuric chloride in their experiments. However, this compound is a little tricky to synthesize. Can I use mercury (II) nitrate instead?

What means gamma in old chemistry papers like Lowry method? I have a suspicion it was the concentration unit in micro something. I am right? Why they used it? Typographical problems at the time?

I have performed the adsorption studies and applied Langmuir model to the data. I obtained KL value from it. In literature it is given higher the KL value stronger the interaction between adsorbent and adsorbate. But there isn't any specific value of KL given.

In literature FTIR and XRD are also performed to predict the adsorption mechanism. I have done that as well and there is shift and change in the peak intensities.

Which one is better to predict the adsorption mechanism? Either from KL value or FTIR/XRD?

i want to prepare this solution in-house in lab, is any method?

I'd like to protect a secondary amine group (on Glucosamine-HCl) with a silyl group.

Did you ever do that? Did you use a chlorosilane? Does it get attached two times to the amine? Is the resulting nitrogen on -NH-Si-R more activated as a nucleophile?

How is it removed? Acids only or also fluoride ions? Does it work only for trimethylsilanes or also more bulky/resistent silanes (TBDMS, TBDPS, ...)?

Thank you in advance

RC

Chemical laboratory process should be so so

La isoterma de Langmuir representa una adsorcion fisica o quimica?

The temperature-dependence of rate constants is frequently expressed using a modified form of the Arrhenius equation:

k(T) = α (T/300)^β exp(−γ/T)

When a homometallic cluster, Cu₆L₆, and a homometallic Ag₈L₈ cluster are dissolved in the DCM/Isopropanol system, they would form a heterometallic cluster crystal, Cu₄Ag₄L₈, and no homometallic metal clusters will be formed. (L is phenylacetylene-derived ligand)

What is the most likely driving force for the formation of this coinage heterometallic clusters?

Hello,

Has anybody used ATR-FTIR to probe the chemistry of colloidal samples (excluding the procedure of drying the droplet on the crystal or using a flow cell)?

If yes, how do you account for the broad water peak?

Any relevant references are really appreciated.

Thank you!

I run mechanochemical reactions that involves the use of a large amount of catalyst (1:1 molar ratio to the reactant). When I try to understand the effect of amount of catalyst on the reaction, I find it very hard to get consistent results when I control the the ball to powder mass ratio (I am using the same number of balls, but keeping the total powder mass the same while adjusting the mass between the reactant and catalyst). This makes me think that I should probably control ball to powder volume. However, even though I know the rough bulk volume of two things at the beginning, the powder volume will always increase by an unknown amount once it is milled. So how should I control my reaction??

Hi, I am a PhD student working at Jagiellonian University, Faculty of Chemistry. My work is related to the development of new analytical methods for the quantification of short-chain fatty acids in biological samples. In my research, I used a gas chromatograph (Shimadzu GC-2030 Nexis) coupled with a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer (Shimadzu TQ-8040). I developed a new GC-MS/MS method for the quantification of short-chain fatty acids, but I have a problem with the carry-over effect. After injection of high concentrations of analytes, such as 10 ug/ml, I observed peaks from the analytes in the blank sample. The problem is a little bit reduced when I frequently change the solvents (water and ethanol) and utilize a long washing procedure after injection, but it still exists. The current washing procedure includes 4x8µl H2O, 4x8µl EtOH, and 4x8µl EtOH. In addition, sequence – 20x8µl H2O, 20x8µl EtOH, and 20x8µl EtOH were utilized for extra washing following the analytes with the highest concentration.

Do you have some experience with the carry-over effect in the GC-MS/MS system and some suggestions to solve my problem?

I have purified crude glycerol which is come from as a byproduct of transesterification. I need to know, the purity of the sample after purification. What methods can I apply to get the glycerol purity?

Post-COVID, online platforms or remote learning especially in the education field has accelerated its pace. Is this going to make a lasting impression where educators must adapt to this new way of learning or are we returning back to physical school, physical tutorings or physical lectures in the near future.

Yes because critical rationalism recognizes substance, parsimony and identity(adjusts premises upon contradiction), while skeptical empiricism believes all results from impressions. Skeptical empiricism also believes the self is an illusion.

Hello,

I want to load Remedesivir (RNA polymerase inhibitor) into mesoporous nanoparticles (MSNs). The issue is drug is temperature and pH sensitive and it degrades quickly. I need advice on its loading.

1- Should it be loaded to at the last step of MSN synthesis. Problem with this MSNs are extracted later on through reflux and 60 degree temperature is required. It degrades drug.

2- Should it be loaded after extraction making an ice bath but how long it should be kept on stirring?

3- Later I want to coat it with chitosan MSN loaded Remedesivir and then coating with chitosan. I am concerned about leaching and degradation of drug. Should i load drug first and then add drug?

Thank you for your suggestions.

Flavors of all tea leaves are determined by their respective chemical compositions. Are there any quantitative research on this?

Research has proven that successful chemistry cohorts normally spend more time executing practical experiments in the laboratory rather than sitting in the classroom listening to lectures.

Researchers undertaking such job roles, please share your ideas and comments.